Evaluation of Some Plant Parasitic Nematode Associated with Lima Bean (Phaseolus Lunatus)

Abstract

Plant-parasitic nematodes significantly impact agricultural systems, particularly legumes such as lima beans (Phaseolus lunatus), which are highly susceptible to infestation. A field study was conducted at the Institute of Agricultural Research and Training, Ibadan, Nigeria, (latitude at 07⁰ 22’’N, 3⁰ 50’’E) South West Nigeria, in 2022 and 2023 respectively to evaluated the effects of plant-parasitic nematodes on fifteen lima bean landraces collected from four Nigerian states (Osun, Ondo, Ekiti, and Oyo). The landraces were grown in a naturally nematode infested field. Nematode populations were assessed at pre-planting and harvest maturity, with soil samples collected to a depth of 0–30 cm. Insect control was achieved using lambda cyhalothrin, applied during flowering and podding. Growth, yield, and nematode parameters, including gall numbers data were collected and analysed using ANOVA and Pearson’s correlation in STAR © 2013 software. The results revealed significant variability in nematode susceptibility among landraces. Aramoko Ekiti exhibited the highest Meloidogyne spp. populations, while Tede Oyo showed the lowest, suggesting better resistance. Erin Ijesha recorded the highest Pratylenchus spp. populations, while Aisegba had the lowest. Helicotylenchus spp. populations were consistently lowest in Aisegba across both years. Growth and yield parameters also varied significantly, with Ikogusi Ekiti achieving the highest shoot weights and Budo Bank Ago Amudu demonstrating superior root health. Early flowering was observed in Tede Oyo and Erin Ijesha, while Ikogusi Ekiti and Erin Ijesha had the longest pods and highest seed counts in 2023.